区域空间规划生态分级保护研究 ——以华蓥山东麓为例

生态分级保护是空间规划中重要支 撑性内容,是全面协调生态保护与开发利用 关系,实现各类空间差异化管控,促进区域 可持续发展的重要途径。本文以华蓥山东麓 为例,通过生态功能重要性和生态敏感性评 价,同时结合景观生态安全格局进行分析, 构建生态保护分级指数模型,按保护程度由 高至低将研究区划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级。其 中,I级保护区为基本生态控制区,实行严格 的生态保护制度;II级保护区为生态缓冲区, 实行生态修复与城乡建设、产业发展负面清 单管理制度;III级保护区为农业生态区,加 强农业生态环境保护,建立健全绿色生态农 业导向机制;IV级保护区主要为城镇村庄生 态区,加强城乡居民点环境保护,推进人居 环境建设。研究结果可为华蓥山东麓生态修 复保护总体规划提供借鉴,对华蓥山自然保 护区与城镇建设区之间生态过渡地带的精细 化、精准化、差别化管理具有重要意义。     

重塑矿山工业景观规划实验(之二)——兖矿集团兴隆庄煤矿采空区重建规划设计研究

我国能源结构以煤炭为主的格局短期内不会改变.煤炭生产造成地表塌陷的采空区日益扩大,极大地消耗着我国形势本已严峻的土地资源.一般来说,采空区的利用就是土地复垦、养鱼、绿化等.该文研究采取一定技术措施,利用煤矸石填筑采煤塌陷区作为建筑用地,造基建房,不仅可减少煤矸石污染、占地问题,同时解决采空区内村庄的就地安置难题,变采空区为居住用地,村民不用搬迁.一举多得,为解决兖州矿区的可持续发展、重建矿区生态环境提供了一条重要的技术途径.     

Frameworks, Networks and the UK Regional Agenda: nature planning for landscapes?

Planning at the landscape scale in Britain has had limited application. The origins, implementations and likely outcomes of new approaches to nature planning in Britain in which the spatial scale of planning could be 'landscape enabled' are traced. These approaches are termed 'framework' strategies, within which 'ecological networks' can be developed in order better to reflect species' behaviour and to overcome the restrictions of designation-based nature conservation. Currently, planning structures are subject to change and debate: published planning documents and other sources are examined for a case study of the North West of England, where experiments in ecological networks are underway. Evidence is sought for the incorporation into new planning structures of key concepts relevant to the achievement of network implementation. Evaluation is made of likely critical 'pinch points' in implementation using experience of network planning in the Netherlands for comparison. These include availability of data on habitats and species, the relationship of planning to agriculture, and the need for co-operation from stakeholders.     

大城市周边公共绿地城市设计——以成都三圣乡“幸福梅林”城乡生态化城市设计为例

成都三圣乡"幸福梅林"城乡生态化城市设计综合了城市与乡村两大地域的特征,坚持保护与整治相结的原则,调整产业结构,发展生态产业,凸显地域文化及特征,充分展示自然与传统特色,实现了人与文化、人与自然的协调发展.     

基于生物气候条件的城市设计生态策略研究——以冬冷夏热地区城市设计为例

本文基于自然梯度原理和生物的适应性与补偿性原则,通过对生物气候要素、自然要素和人工要素的整合与应用,初步形成一套适应冬冷夏热地区气候条件的城市设计生态策略和方法。     

Planning an ecological network of Xiamen Island (China) using landscape metrics and network analysis

Most Chinese municipal governments and urban planners have attempted to conserve and create urban greenspace in response to rapid urbanization. It is a major task for urban landscape planners to construct an effective and harmonious urban ecological network and maintain a sustainable urban development environment. In this paper, the present situation and a recent greenway augment plan of Xiamen Island were assessed using a series of landscape metrics. The results showed that the recent greenway augment plan could improve the present greenway system considerably. The improvements were indicated by decrease in patch density, and increase in total class area and edge density on the patch level, landscape diversity, landscape evenness and landscape connectivity on the landscape level. On the basis of these analyses, a number of alternative planning scenarios were designed by using network analysis methods for improving the ecological network of Xiamen Island. An alternative planning scenario was proposed to decrease the degree of landscape fragmentation, increase the shape complexity of greenway patches and enhance the landscape connectivity. The results indicated that methods which integrate landscape metrics with network analyses could not only quantitatively assess the present situation and the rationality of planning for urban greenway systems, but also facilitate the design of planning scenarios for urban ecological networks, enabling them to meet the principles of conformity, harmony, circulation, safety, diversity and sustainability. The principles and methods of landscape ecology, and the greenway concepts that have originated in the West can be useful for Chinese landscape planning and can be applied to greenway development in China.     

四川干热河谷地区公路生态植被恢复与重建模式探讨

分析了四川干热河谷地区公路周边自然植被条件与海拔高度的关系,以国道318线二郎山至康定公路为例,对干热河谷地区公路生态恢复与重建的模式进行了研究,根据道路所处海拔高度的差异把全路段分为二郎山、泸定大渡河、康定瓦斯沟三段,根据各段气候和植被特点确定恢复模式,经过2年的生长观察,证明各恢复模式都取得很好的效果,乔灌木的平均成活率达到85%,草坪地被覆盖率平均达到93%;最后,总结了干热河谷道路生态恢复与重建的特殊技术。     

我国古代城市建设中的生态思想及启示

纵观我国古代城市建设,无论从与自然的协调,还是城市景观的再造,都有着深厚的文化及思想底蕴,反映了城市这一“人”工构筑如何与“天”为自然的共存共荣的“天人合一”思想,并在城市建设中进行深化落实,具体到城市建设的每一细节。其主要宗旨用现代的词汇来讲就是在不违背自然规律、在自然可承受的情况下,对城市地域的自然进行“拆成”设计,创造适于人居的生活与生产环境。作者针对古代城市建设中对生态环境的考虑进行了分析,并针对现代生态问题提出了城市规划应遵循的生态原则。     

Communicative Approaches to Restoration Ecology: a case study from Dovre Mountain and Svalbard, Norway

Extensive damage to the vegetation cover in arctic and alpine landscapes has raised the question of restoration as a possible management strategy. Restoration is a goal-oriented activity, a technological undertaking wider than its parent science of ecology. Social science and planning concepts and methods are necessary to handle the value judgements implicit in restoration. It is argued that the notion of 'desired state' is a better reference point in defining restoration goals than the notion of 'original state'. Using qualitative methods, two areas with vulnerable arctic/alpine vegetation are investigated. Based on participants' statements, four possible scenarios or desired states for future management are constructed. The main focus in the scenarios is on participants' attitudes to restoration activity, and it is shown how these are influenced by participants' attachment to the area and their view of nature.     

地域化和生态化,人性化和个性化--以江苏省电力公司连云港农电培训中心建筑设计方案为例

该文从地域化、生态化、人性化以及个性化的角度出发，探讨了江苏省连云港农电培训中心的建筑设计构思．